The January issue of the Journal of the California Dental Association covers microscopic pulp exposures in deep class II cavities; a study of anaerobic bacteria in natural human saliva and contaminated root-filled teeth; the effects on dental implants by patients taking oral bisphosphonates; and uncontrollable distant effects of botulinum neurotoxin injections.

Undetected Microscopic Pulp Exposures in Human Deep Class II Cavities
This study investigated the probability of clinically undiagnosed pulp microexposures in human deep class II preparations.
Majid Mousavinasab, DMD, MSD; M. Sadegh Namazikhah, DMD, MSED, FICD, FACD; Jalil Modaresi, DDS, MSc; and Ahmad Behzadi, DDS

Microleakage of Human Saliva in Coronally Unsealed Obturated Root Canals in Anaerobic Conditions: An Ex Vivo Study
The purpose of this study was to determine the time required for anaerobic bacteria in natural human saliva to contaminate root-filled teeth.
K. Ashofteh Yazdi, DDS; S. Bayat-Movahed; M. Aligholi; S.J. Hayes, BDS; M.H. Nekoofar

The Prognosis for Dental Implants Placed in Patients Taking Oral Bisphosphonates
The authors evaluated the outcome of patients who had osseointegrated implants inserted while taking oral bisphosphonates by means of a retrospective chart review.
Tadakatsu Kasai, DDS, PhD; M. Anthony Pogrel, DDS, MD; and Mehran Hossaini, DMD

Uncontrollable Distant Effects of Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections
The scientific literature has documented that there are dangerous uncontrollable effects of long-distance traveling of BoNT from the injection site. These uncontrollable distant effects of “off-label” botulinum neurotoxin injections, at the very least, must be thoroughly disclosed to patients.
Joseph Schames, DMD; Y. Dov Prero, BA, MEd; David Schames, BA; Mayer Schames, DDS; William Gabriel, DDS; and Robert Reed, DDS

Guest Column/
Yet Another Test?
By Alan L. Felsenfeld, DDS

Impressions/

Journal Reviewers/

Dr. Bob/
Say What?
By Robert E. Horseman, DDS

CDA Presents/
Anaheim Schedule